Natrium

11
Na
Gruppe
1
Periode
3
Blok
s
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
11
11
12
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
11
Atommasse
22,98976928
Masseantal
23
Kategori
Alkalimetaller
Farve
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the English word, soda; Medieval Latin, sodanum: a headache remedy
Krystalstruktur
Rumcentreret Kubisk
Historie
The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols.

It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.

In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 1
Elektronkonfiguration
[Ne] 3s1
Na
Sodium burns in air with a brilliant yellow flame
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
0,971 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
370,87 K | 97,72 °C | 207,9 °F
Kogepunkt
1156,15 K | 883 °C | 1621,4 °F
Smeltevarme
2,6 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
97,7 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
1,228 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
2,3%
Forekomst i universet
0,002%
Sodium
Billede akkrediteringer: Wikimedia Commons (Dnn87)
Sodium metal from the Dennis s.k collection
CAS-nummer
7440-23-5
PubChem CID-nummer
5360545
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
186 pm
Kovalent radius
166 pm
Elektronegativitet
0,93 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
5,1391 eV
Atomvolumen
23,7 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
1,41 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
-1, 1
Anvendelser
Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of esters and in the preparation of organic compounds.

Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.

Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.

Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium metal should be handled with great care as it cannot be maintained in an inert atmosphere
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
23Na
Ustabile isotoper
18Na, 19Na, 20Na, 21Na, 22Na, 24Na, 25Na, 26Na, 27Na, 28Na, 29Na, 30Na, 31Na, 32Na, 33Na, 34Na, 35Na, 36Na, 37Na