Nikkel
28
Ni
Gruppe
10
Periode
4
Blok
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
28
28
31
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
28
Atommasse
58,6934
Masseantal
59
Kategori
Overgangsmetaller
Farve
Grå
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the German word Nickel (Satan), and from kupfernickel, Old Nick's copper
Krystalstruktur
Fladecentreret Kubisk
Historie
Artifacts made from metallic meteorites have been found dating from as early as 5000 BC.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 16, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[Ar] 3d8 4s2
Nickel is 100 times more concentrated below Earth's crust than in it
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
8,912 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1728,15 K | 1455 °C | 2651 °F
Kogepunkt
3186,15 K | 2913 °C | 5275,4 °F
Smeltevarme
17,2 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
378 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
0,444 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
0,0089%
Forekomst i universet
0,006%
CAS-nummer
7440-02-0
PubChem CID-nummer
935
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
124 pm
Kovalent radius
124 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,91 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
7,6398 eV
Atomvolumen
6,59 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
0,907 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Anvendelser
Nickel is used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Nickel and its compounds are considered to be carcinogenic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni, 64NiUstabile isotoper
48Ni, 49Ni, 50Ni, 51Ni, 52Ni, 53Ni, 54Ni, 55Ni, 56Ni, 57Ni, 59Ni, 63Ni, 65Ni, 66Ni, 67Ni, 68Ni, 69Ni, 70Ni, 71Ni, 72Ni, 73Ni, 74Ni, 75Ni, 76Ni, 77Ni, 78Ni