Ruthenium
44
Ru
Gruppe
8
Periode
5
Blok
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
44
44
57
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
44
Atommasse
101,07
Masseantal
101
Kategori
Overgangsmetaller
Farve
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the Latin word Ruthenia, Russia
Krystalstruktur
Simpel Hexagonal
Historie
Jędrzej Śniadecki isolated the element in 1807, but his work was not ratified.
Jöns Berzelius and Gottfried Osann nearly discovered ruthenium in 1827.
In 1844, Karl Ernst Claus confirmed that there was a new element and isolated ruthenium from the platinum residues of the rouble production while he was working in Kazan University, Kazan.
Jöns Berzelius and Gottfried Osann nearly discovered ruthenium in 1827.
In 1844, Karl Ernst Claus confirmed that there was a new element and isolated ruthenium from the platinum residues of the rouble production while he was working in Kazan University, Kazan.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 18, 15, 1
Elektronkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d7 5s1
Ruthenium is unaffected by air, water and acids
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
12,37 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
2607,15 K | 2334 °C | 4233,2 °F
Kogepunkt
4423,15 K | 4150 °C | 7502 °F
Smeltevarme
25,7 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
580 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
0,238 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
9,9×10-8%
Forekomst i universet
4×10-7%
Billede akkrediteringer: Wikimedia Commons (Periodictableru)
Gas phase grown crystals of ruthenium metal
CAS-nummer
7440-18-8
PubChem CID-nummer
23950
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
134 pm
Kovalent radius
146 pm
Elektronegativitet
2,2 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
7,3605 eV
Atomvolumen
8,3 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
1,17 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Anvendelser
Ruthenium is used in platinum and palladium alloys to make wear-resistant electrical contacts.
Ruthenium dioxide and lead and bismuth ruthenates are used in thick-film chip resistors.
Fountain pen nibs are frequently tipped with alloys containing ruthenium.
Ruthenium is a versatile catalyst.
Ruthenium dioxide and lead and bismuth ruthenates are used in thick-film chip resistors.
Fountain pen nibs are frequently tipped with alloys containing ruthenium.
Ruthenium is a versatile catalyst.
Ruthenium is a suspected carcinogen and its compounds strongly stain the skin
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
96Ru, 98Ru, 99Ru, 100Ru, 101Ru, 102Ru, 104RuUstabile isotoper
87Ru, 88Ru, 89Ru, 90Ru, 91Ru, 92Ru, 93Ru, 94Ru, 95Ru, 97Ru, 103Ru, 105Ru, 106Ru, 107Ru, 108Ru, 109Ru, 110Ru, 111Ru, 112Ru, 113Ru, 114Ru, 115Ru, 116Ru, 117Ru, 118Ru, 119Ru, 120Ru