Cadmium

48
Cd
Gruppe
12
Periode
5
Blok
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
48
48
64
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
48
Atommasse
112,411
Masseantal
112
Kategori
Overgangsmetaller
Farve
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the Latin word cadmia, Greek kadmeia - the ancient name for calamine, zinc carbonate
Krystalstruktur
Simpel Hexagonal
Historie
Cadmium was discovered by German chemist Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817 as an impurity in zinc carbonate.

Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.

Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
Cd
Cadmium is a soft metal which is easily cut with a knife
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
8,69 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
594,22 K | 321,07 °C | 609,93 °F
Kogepunkt
1040,15 K | 767 °C | 1412,6 °F
Smeltevarme
6,3 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
100 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
0,232 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
0,000015%
Forekomst i universet
2×10-7%
A
Billede akkrediteringer: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
A crystal cadmium bar made by the flux process
CAS-nummer
7440-43-9
PubChem CID-nummer
23973
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
151 pm
Kovalent radius
144 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,69 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
8,9938 eV
Atomvolumen
13,1 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
0,968 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
1, 2
Anvendelser
Cadmium is a key component in battery production.

It is also is used in electroplating.

Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.

Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
Cadmium and its compounds are highly toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
106Cd, 108Cd, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 114Cd
Ustabile isotoper
95Cd, 96Cd, 97Cd, 98Cd, 99Cd, 100Cd, 101Cd, 102Cd, 103Cd, 104Cd, 105Cd, 107Cd, 109Cd, 113Cd, 115Cd, 116Cd, 117Cd, 118Cd, 119Cd, 120Cd, 121Cd, 122Cd, 123Cd, 124Cd, 125Cd, 126Cd, 127Cd, 128Cd, 129Cd, 130Cd, 131Cd, 132Cd