Gadolinium
64
Gd
Gruppe
n/a
Periode
6
Blok
f
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
64
64
93
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
64
Atommasse
157,25
Masseantal
157
Kategori
Lantanider
Farve
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nej
From gadolinite, a mineral named for Gadolin, a Finnish chemist
Krystalstruktur
Simpel Hexagonal
Historie
Gadolinium was first detected spectroscopically in 1880 by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac who separated its oxide.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Gadolinium has the highest neutron cross-section among any stable nuclides
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
7,895 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1585,15 K | 1312 °C | 2393,6 °F
Kogepunkt
3546,15 K | 3273 °C | 5923,4 °F
Smeltevarme
10 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
305 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
0,236 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
0,00052%
Forekomst i universet
2×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7440-54-2
PubChem CID-nummer
23982
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
180 pm
Kovalent radius
196 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,2 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
6,1501 eV
Atomvolumen
19,9 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
0,106 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
1, 2, 3
Anvendelser
Gadolinium is used to make gadolinium yttrium garnets which have microwave applications.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
Gadolinium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
154Gd, 155Gd, 156Gd, 157Gd, 158Gd, 160GdUstabile isotoper
134Gd, 135Gd, 136Gd, 137Gd, 138Gd, 139Gd, 140Gd, 141Gd, 142Gd, 143Gd, 144Gd, 145Gd, 146Gd, 147Gd, 148Gd, 149Gd, 150Gd, 151Gd, 152Gd, 153Gd, 159Gd, 161Gd, 162Gd, 163Gd, 164Gd, 165Gd, 166Gd, 167Gd, 168Gd, 169Gd