Holmium
67
Ho
Gruppe
n/a
Periode
6
Blok
f
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
67
67
98
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
67
Atommasse
164,93032
Masseantal
165
Kategori
Lantanider
Farve
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the Latin word Holmia meaning Stockholm
Krystalstruktur
Simpel Hexagonal
Historie
Holmium was discovered by Swiss chemists Marc Delafontaine and Jacques-Louis Soret in 1878.
They noticed the aberrant spectrographic absorption bands of the then-unknown element.
Later in 1878, Per Teodor Cleve independently discovered the element while he was working on erbia earth.
They noticed the aberrant spectrographic absorption bands of the then-unknown element.
Later in 1878, Per Teodor Cleve independently discovered the element while he was working on erbia earth.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[Xe] 4f11 6s2
Holmium has the highest magnetic strength of any naturally occurring element
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
8,795 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1734,15 K | 1461 °C | 2661,8 °F
Kogepunkt
2993,15 K | 2720 °C | 4928 °F
Smeltevarme
17 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
265 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
0,165 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
0,00012%
Forekomst i universet
5×10-8%
CAS-nummer
7440-60-0
PubChem CID-nummer
23988
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
176 pm
Kovalent radius
192 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,23 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
6,0215 eV
Atomvolumen
18,7 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
0,162 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
3
Anvendelser
Holmium is used to create the strongest artificially generated magnetic fields, when placed within high-strength magnets as a magnetic pole piece.
It is one of the colorants used for cubic zirconia and glass, providing yellow or red coloring.
Holmium isotopes are good neutron absorbers and are used in nuclear reactor control rods.
It is one of the colorants used for cubic zirconia and glass, providing yellow or red coloring.
Holmium isotopes are good neutron absorbers and are used in nuclear reactor control rods.
Holmium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
165HoUstabile isotoper
140Ho, 141Ho, 142Ho, 143Ho, 144Ho, 145Ho, 146Ho, 147Ho, 148Ho, 149Ho, 150Ho, 151Ho, 152Ho, 153Ho, 154Ho, 155Ho, 156Ho, 157Ho, 158Ho, 159Ho, 160Ho, 161Ho, 162Ho, 163Ho, 164Ho, 166Ho, 167Ho, 168Ho, 169Ho, 170Ho, 171Ho, 172Ho, 173Ho, 174Ho, 175Ho