Bismuth
83
Bi
Gruppe
15
Periode
6
Blok
p
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
83
83
126
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
83
Atommasse
208,9804
Masseantal
209
Kategori
Post-overgangsmetaller
Farve
Grå
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the German Weisse Masse, meaning white mass
Krystalstruktur
Endecentreret Monoklin
Historie
Bismuth has been known since ancient times, so no one person is credited with its discovery.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Elektronkonfiguration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Bismuth has unusually high electrical resistance for a metal
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
9,78 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
544,65 K | 271,5 °C | 520,7 °F
Kogepunkt
1837,15 K | 1564 °C | 2847,2 °F
Smeltevarme
10,9 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
160 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
0,122 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
2,5×10-6%
Forekomst i universet
7×10-8%
CAS-nummer
7440-69-9
PubChem CID-nummer
5359367
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
156 pm
Kovalent radius
148 pm
Elektronegativitet
2,02 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
7,2856 eV
Atomvolumen
21,3 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
0,0797 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
-3, 3, 5
Anvendelser
Bismuth is used in producing malleable irons and is used as a catalyst for making acrylic fibers.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth is considered to be non-toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
-Ustabile isotoper
184Bi, 185Bi, 186Bi, 187Bi, 188Bi, 189Bi, 190Bi, 191Bi, 192Bi, 193Bi, 194Bi, 195Bi, 196Bi, 197Bi, 198Bi, 199Bi, 200Bi, 201Bi, 202Bi, 203Bi, 204Bi, 205Bi, 206Bi, 207Bi, 208Bi, 209Bi, 210Bi, 211Bi, 212Bi, 213Bi, 214Bi, 215Bi, 216Bi, 217Bi, 218Bi