Kalium
19
K
Gruppe
1
Periode
4
Blok
s
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
19
19
20
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
19
Atommasse
39,0983
Masseantal
39
Kategori
Alkalimetaller
Farve
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the English word, potash - pot ashes; Latin kalium, Arab qali, alkali
Krystalstruktur
Rumcentreret Kubisk
Historie
Potassium's symbol K comes from 'kalium' the name of the element in Germany and Scandinavia.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 8, 1
Elektronkonfiguration
[Ar] 4s1
People whose diets are low in potassium can suffer from hypokalemia
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
0,862 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
336,53 K | 63,38 °C | 146,08 °F
Kogepunkt
1032,15 K | 759 °C | 1398,2 °F
Smeltevarme
2,33 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
76,9 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
0,757 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
1,5%
Forekomst i universet
0,0003%
CAS-nummer
7440-09-7
PubChem CID-nummer
5462222
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
227 pm
Kovalent radius
203 pm
Elektronegativitet
0,82 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
4,3407 eV
Atomvolumen
45,46 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
1,024 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
-1, 1
Anvendelser
The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium must be handled with great care with full skin and eye protection
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
39K, 41KUstabile isotoper
32K, 33K, 34K, 35K, 36K, 37K, 38K, 40K, 42K, 43K, 44K, 45K, 46K, 47K, 48K, 49K, 50K, 51K, 52K, 53K, 54K, 55K