Vanadium
23
V
Gruppe
5
Periode
4
Blok
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
23
23
28
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
23
Atommasse
50,9415
Masseantal
51
Kategori
Overgangsmetaller
Farve
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nej
Named after Scandinavian goddess, Vanadis
Krystalstruktur
Rumcentreret Kubisk
Historie
Vanadium was originally discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 8, 11, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
6,11 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
2183,15 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F
Kogepunkt
3680,15 K | 3407 °C | 6164,6 °F
Smeltevarme
22,8 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
453 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
0,489 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
0,019%
Forekomst i universet
0,0001%
CAS-nummer
7440-62-2
PubChem CID-nummer
23990
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
134 pm
Kovalent radius
153 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,63 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
6,8281 eV
Atomvolumen
8,78 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
0,307 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Anvendelser
Vanadium is used as an additive in steel to strengthen and protect against corrosion.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
All vanadium compounds should be considered toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
51VUstabile isotoper
40V, 41V, 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V, 52V, 53V, 54V, 55V, 56V, 57V, 58V, 59V, 60V, 61V, 62V, 63V, 64V, 65V