Lithium
3
Li
Gruppe
1
Periode
2
Blok
s
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
3
3
4
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
3
Atommasse
6,941
Masseantal
7
Kategori
Alkalimetaller
Farve
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the Greek word lithos, stone
Krystalstruktur
Rumcentreret Kubisk
Historie
Lithium was discovered by Johann Arfvedson in 1817 when he was analyzing minerals from the island of Uto in Sweden.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 1
Elektronkonfiguration
[He] 2s1
Lithium is the only metal which reacts with nitrogen under normal conditions
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
0,534 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
453,69 K | 180,54 °C | 356,97 °F
Kogepunkt
1615,15 K | 1342 °C | 2447,6 °F
Smeltevarme
3 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
147 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
3,582 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
0,0017%
Forekomst i universet
6×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7439-93-2
PubChem CID-nummer
3028194
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
152 pm
Kovalent radius
128 pm
Elektronegativitet
0,98 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
5,3917 eV
Atomvolumen
13,10 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
0,847 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
1
Anvendelser
Pure lithium metal is used in rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium is corrosive and requires special handling to avoid skin contact
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
6Li, 7LiUstabile isotoper
4Li, 5Li, 8Li, 9Li, 10Li, 11Li, 12Li