Beryllium
4
Be
Gruppe
2
Periode
2
Blok
s
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
4
4
5
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
4
Atommasse
9,012182
Masseantal
9
Kategori
Jordalkalimetaller
Farve
Skifergrå
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the Greek word beryllos, beryl
Krystalstruktur
Simpel Hexagonal
Historie
Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin discovered beryllium in the oxide form in both beryl and emeralds in 1798.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[He] 2s2
Emerald is a naturally occurring compound of beryllium
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Fast stof
Massefylde
1,85 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1560,15 K | 1287 °C | 2348,6 °F
Kogepunkt
2742,15 K | 2469 °C | 4476,2 °F
Smeltevarme
7,95 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
297 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
1,825 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
0,00019%
Forekomst i universet
1×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7440-41-7
PubChem CID-nummer
5460467
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
112 pm
Kovalent radius
96 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,57 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
9,3227 eV
Atomvolumen
4,9 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
2,01 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
1, 2
Anvendelser
Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium and its salts are toxic and should be handled with the greatest of care
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
9BeUstabile isotoper
5Be, 6Be, 7Be, 8Be, 10Be, 11Be, 12Be, 13Be, 14Be, 15Be, 16Be