Nitrogen

7
N
Gruppe
15
Periode
2
Blok
p
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
7
7
7
Generelle Egenskaber
Atomnummer
7
Atommasse
14,0067
Masseantal
14
Kategori
Andre ikke-metaller
Farve
Farveløs
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the Latin word nitrum, Greek Nitron, native soda; and genes, forming
Krystalstruktur
Simpel Hexagonal
Historie
Nitrogen is considered to have been discovered by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who called it noxious air or fixed air.

It was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish and Joseph Priestley.

In 1790 the French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal named the element nitrogen.
Elektroner i hver skal
2, 5
Elektronkonfiguration
[He] 2s2 2p3
N
Nitrogen is present in all living organisms, in proteins, nucleic acids and other molecules
Fysiske Egenskaber
Tilstandsform
Gas
Massefylde
0,0012506 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
63,15 K | -210 °C | -346 °F
Kogepunkt
77,36 K | -195,79 °C | -320,42 °F
Smeltevarme
0,36 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
2,79 kJ/mol
Varmefylde
1,04 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpen
0,002%
Forekomst i universet
0,1%
Vial
Billede akkrediteringer: Images-of-elements
Vial of glowing ultrapure nitrogen
CAS-nummer
7727-37-9
PubChem CID-nummer
947
Atomare egenskaber
Atomradius
56 pm
Kovalent radius
71 pm
Elektronegativitet
3,04 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotentiale
14,5341 eV
Atomvolumen
17,3 cm3/mol
Varmeledningsevne
0,0002598 W/cm·K
Oxidationstrin
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Anvendelser
Nitrogen is used to produce ammonia and fertilizers, vital for current food production methods.

Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant.

Nitric acid is used as an oxidizing agent in liquid fueled rockets.

Nitrogen is a constituent of molecules in every major drug class in pharmacology and medicine.
Rapid release of nitrogen gas into an enclosed space can displace oxygen, and therefore represents an asphyxiation hazard
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
14N, 15N
Ustabile isotoper
10N, 11N, 12N, 13N, 16N, 17N, 18N, 19N, 20N, 21N, 22N, 23N, 24N, 25N